Cancer
EXERCISE
DIET AND NUTRITION
- Cancer statistics
- dairy
- fats
- fibre
- meat eating/vegetarian
- fruit and vegetables
- sugar
ALCOHOL
SMOKING
DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES
-acupuncture
- massage
- healing
- meditation
- qi-gong
- general interest
GUIDED IMAGERY/RELAXATION
COUNSELLING/GROUP WORK
DEPRESSION / ANXIETY /STRESS
IMMUNE SYSTEM
RADIOTHERAPY
CHEMOTHERAPY SUPPORT
PAIN CONTROL
FIGHTING SPIRIT
SURVIVAL OUTCOMES
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
RESEARCH
BOOKS
Title: Greater Survival After Breast Cancer in Physically Active Women With High Vegetable-Fruit Intake Regardless of Obesity
Authors: John P. Pierce, Marcia L. Stefanick, Shirley W. Flatt, Loki Natarajan, Barbara Sternfeld, Lisa Madlensky, Wael K. Al-Delaimy, Cynthia A. Thomson, Sheila Kealey, Richard Hajek, Barbara A. Parker, Vicky A. Newman, Bette Caan, and Cheryl L. Rock
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 25, No 17 (June 10), 2007: pp. 2345-2351
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2274898
Link to: Diet and exercise could improve breast cancer survival, regardless of weight
http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/news/archive/newsarchive/2007/june/18176517
Eating a healthy diet and doing moderate exercise can halve the risk of dying for people who have had treatment for early breast cancer regardless of their weight, a study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology has found.
Cancer Research UK described the result as "really interesting".
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego's (UCSD) Moores Cancer Centre looked for the first time at the impact of both diet and physical activity on breast cancer survival in 1,490 women taking part in the Women's Health Eating and Living (WHEL) study.
Dr John Pierce, study author and director of the centre's Cancer Prevention and Control Programme, commented: "We demonstrate in this study of breast cancer survivors that even if a woman is overweight, if she eats at least five servings of vegetables and fruits a day and walks briskly for 30 minutes, six days a week, her risk of death from her disease goes down by 50 per cent. The key is that you must do both."
The women, who were all aged 70 or younger with an average age of 50, had been diagnosed with early stage breast cancer between 1991 and 2000 and had completed their initial treatment.
The women's diet and activity levels were assessed for between five and 11 years. Women who were both physically active and ate healthily had a mortality rate of seven per cent, approximately half of that seen in the other participants.
Co-author Dr Cheryl Rock, also a member of the Cancer Prevention and Control Programme, added: "Of particular importance is that this halving of risk was seen in women who were not obese as well as in those who were obese."Also, the effect was not seen in women who practiced only one of the lifestyle patterns - high vegetable and fruit intake, or physical activity."
Henry Scowcroft, cancer information officer at Cancer Research UK, said: "The results of this study add to mounting evidence that adopting a healthy lifestyle might also play a role in cancer survival, as well as helping to prevent the disease."It is really interesting that the effects observed in this study only occurred when the women both exercised and ate healthily. We still need to find out more about exactly how lifestyle changes can influence breast cancer survival."
Mr Scowcroft continued: "What we do know is that maintaining a healthy bodyweight, eating sensibly and taking regular exercise is the key to a healthy life, as it can help reduce your risk of several types of cancer, as well as many other diseases."
ENDS
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Title: Role of Physical Activity in Modulating Breast Cancer Risk as Defined by APC and RASSF1A Promoter Hypermethylation in Nonmalignant Breast Tissue
Authors: Yvonne M. Coyle1, Xian-Jin Xie2, Cheryl M. Lewis1, Dawei Bu1, Sara Milchgrub3 and David M. Euhus1
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 16, 192-196, February 1, 2007.
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Title: Exercise interventions during cancer treatment: biopsychosocial outcomes.
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Title: Physical activity and cancer risk.
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Cancer stats
Cancer Research UK
http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/causes/lifestyle/diet/
Title: Greater survival after breast cancer in physically active women with high vegetable-fruit intake regardless of obesity.
Authors: Pierce JP, Stefanick ML, Flatt SW, Natarajan L, Sternfeld B, Madlensky L, Al-Delaimy WK, Thomson CA, Kealey S, Hajek R, Parker BA, Newman VA, Caan B, Rock CL.
Source: J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jun 10; 25(17):2335-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17557947?ordinalpos=8&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Title: Telephone counseling helps maintain long-term adherence to a high-vegetable dietary pattern.
Authors: Pierce JP, Newman VA, Natarajan L, Flatt SW, Al-Delaimy WK, Caan BJ, Emond JA, Faerber S, Gold EB, Hajek RA, Hollenbach K, Jones LA, Karanja N, Kealey S, Madlensky L, Marshall J, Ritenbaugh C, Rock CL, Stefanick ML, Thomson C, Wasserman L, Parker BA.
Source: J Nutr. 2007 Oct; 137(10):2291-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17885013?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Title: Achieving substantial changes in eating behavior among women previously treated for breast cancer--an overview of the intervention.
Authors: Newman VA, Thomson CA, Rock CL, Flatt SW, Kealey S, Bardwell WA, Caan BJ, Pierce JP; Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Study Group.
Source: J Am Diet Assoc. 2005 Mar;105(3):382-91; quiz 488. Click for link
Title: Greater Survival After Breast Cancer in Physically Active Women With High Vegetable-Fruit Intake Regardless of Obesity
Authors: John P. Pierce, Marcia L. Stefanick, Shirley W. Flatt, Loki Natarajan, Barbara Sternfeld, Lisa Madlensky, Wael K. Al-Delaimy, Cynthia A. Thomson, Sheila Kealey, Richard Hajek, Barbara A. Parker, Vicky A. Newman, Bette Caan, and Cheryl L. Rock
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 25, No 17 (June 10), 2007: pp. 2345-2351
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2274898
Title: Women’s Health and Eating Study - Influence of a diet very high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber and low in fat on prognosis following treatment for breast cancer
Authors: Pierce JP, Natarajan L, Caan BJ, Parker BA, Greenberg ER, Flatt SW, Rock CL, Kealey S, Al-Delaimy WK, Bardwell WA, Carlson RW, Emond JA, Faerber S, Gold EB, Hajek RA, Hollenbach K, Jones LA, Karanja N, Madlensky L, Marshall J, Newman VA, Ritenbaugh C, Thomson CA, Wasserman L, Stefanick ML.
Source: Journal of the American Medical Association, July 18, 2007 (JAMA 2007 Jul 18;298(3):289-98)
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/298/3/289
Title: Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Breast Cancer Survival among Women on Long Island
Authors: B.N. Fink, S.E. Steck, M.S. Wolff, J.A. Britton, G.C. Kabat, M.M. Gaudet, P.E. Abrahamson, P. Bell, J.C. Schroeder, S.L. Teitelbaum, A.I. Neugut, and M.D. Gammon
Source: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, November 2007, Volume 16, Number 11, Pages 2285-2292
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006917
Title: Consumption of black tea or coffee and risk of ovarian cancer.
Authors: Baker JA, Boakye K, McCann SE, Beehler GP, Rodabaugh KJ, Villella JA, Moysich KB.
Source: Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2007 Jan-Feb;17(1):50-4
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17291231
Title: Plasma carotenoids and recurrence-free survival in women with a history of breast cancer.
Authors: Rock CL, Flatt SW, Natarajan L, Thomson CA, Bardwell WA, Newman VA, Hollenbach KA, Jones L, Caan BJ, Pierce JP.
Source: J Clin Oncol. 2005 Sep 20; 23(27):6631-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16170170?ordinalpos=26&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Title: Effects of a high-fiber, low-fat diet intervention on serum concentrations of reproductive steroid hormones in women with a history of breast cancer.
Authors: Rock CL, Flatt SW, Thomson CA, Stefanick ML, Newman VA, Jones LA, Natarajan L, Ritenbaugh C, Hollenbach KA, Pierce JP, Chang RJ.
Source: J Clin Oncol. 2004 Jun 15; 22(12):2379-87.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15197199?ordinalpos=34&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Title: Coffee, tea, and caffeine consumption and incidence of colon and rectal cancer.
Authors: Michels KB, Willett WC, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci E.
Source: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Feb 16;97(4):282-92.
Conclusion: Consumption of caffeinated coffee, tea with caffeine, or caffeine was not associated with incidence of colon of rectal cancer, whereas regular consumption of decaffeinated coffee was associated with a reduced incidence of rectal cancer.
Click for link
Title: Intake of coffee and tea and risk of ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study.
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Click for link
Title: Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Prediction of All-Cause Mortality in a US Population - Results From the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
Authors: Panagiota N. Mitrou, PhD; Victor Kipnis, PhD; Anne C. M. Thiébaut, PhD; Jill Reedy, PhD; Amy F. Subar, PhD; Elisabet Wirfält, PhD; Andrew Flood, PhD; Traci Mouw, MPH; Albert R. Hollenbeck, PhD; Michael F. Leitzmann, MD, DrPH; Arthur Schatzkin, MD, DrPH
Source: Archives of Internal Medicine Dec 10/24, 2007
http://dietandhealth.cancer.gov/publications.html
http://archinte.highwire.org/cgi/content/abstract/167/22/2461
Link to: Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity Associated with Lower Death Rates http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/news/archive/newsarchive/2007/december/18398599
Separate analyses from the indicated significant reductions in the overall death risk for people who adhere to the so-called "Mediterranean diet" as well as among those who engaged in physical activity levels suggested by national exercise guidelines, according to two studies published in the December 10/24 Archives of Internal Medicine.
The NIH-AARP study was developed by an NCI research team that is now part of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG). The study monitored the health status of more than 500,000 AARP members in the U.S. aged 50-71 from 1995 to 2005 using mailed questionnaires, death records, and tumor registry data.
In the first study, researchers used a 9-point scale to assess adherence among 380,296 healthy AARP members to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, which includes high intake of vegetables, legumes, fruits, nuts, whole grains, fish, higher intake of monounsaturated than saturated fat, moderate alcohol consumption, and low red meat intake. The dietary pattern was associated with a 21-percent decreased risk of all-cause mortality (17 percent for cancer deaths and 22 percent for cardiovascular deaths) in men, and a 20-percent decreased risk of all-cause mortality (12 percent for cancer deaths and 19 percent for cardiovascular deaths) in women. The beneficial effect of the Mediterranean dietary pattern was more pronounced in smokers, especially those with a healthy body mass index.
In the second study, researchers examined the effect of adherence to national guidelines for both "moderate" and "vigorous" physical activity among 252,925 AARP members. Compared with inactive, sedentary respondents, people who engaged in moderate exercise (at least 30 minutes, most days of the week) had a 27-percent decrease in overall mortality, and those who exercised vigorously (at least 20 minutes, three times a week) reduced their death risk by 32 percent.
"Our findings strongly confirm the importance of these national physical activity guidelines," noted study leader Dr. Michael Leitzmann of DCEG's Nutritional Epidemiology Branch. A secondary finding showed that even those individuals who engaged in physical activity at less than the guideline recommendations had a reduced mortality risk.
DCEG is pursuing additional research on physical activity, Dr. Leitzmann added. "We're now drilling down to the effect of exercise on specific forms of cancer. Those impacts may differ from that on total mortality," he said.
ENDS
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See dairy
Title: Women’s Health and Eating Study - Influence of a diet very high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber and low in fat on prognosis following treatment for breast cancer
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Leonard Gunderson, MD, deputy director for clinical affairs, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Scottsdale, Ariz.
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Link to: Vitamins May Help Cancer-Related Pain: Melatonin Supplements, Green Tea Extract, Other Complementary Remedies May Also Lessen Fatigue
Jan. 28, 2008 (Orlando) -- High-potency vitamins, melatoninsupplements, and other complementary remedies may help to relieve the debilitating pain and fatigue experienced by most people with advanced pancreatic cancer, a new study suggests.
"Pain and fatigue are a huge issue for this population of patients," says researcher Timothy C. Birdsall, MD, vice president for integrative medicine at the Cancer Treatment Centers of America in Zion, Ill.
"Many have so much pain that they need sedating doses of narcotics. And they are often too tired to get up and move around; they spend most of the day sitting or even in bed," he tells WebMD.
Vitamins Help Control Pain
Birdsall and colleagues studied 50 people who had advanced pancreatic cancer and were being treated with chemotherapy, sometimes in conjunction with radiation.
The participants were already taking narcotic drugs and anti-inflammatory agents to help control their pain. Birdsall says that "there's really nothing, conventionally, that we can give for fatigue."
Thirty-six of the 50 participants were given complementary remedies, most frequently green tea extract, melatonin, and high-potency multivitamins that had at least 1,000 milligrams of vitamin C and 400 international units of vitamin E.
At the start of the study, 40% of those taking a complementary remedy had pain that was considered manageable. Six months later, 67% had manageable pain. In contrast, 35% of those who didn't take a complementary treatment had manageable pain at the outset; by six months, that figure had dropped to 22%, the study showed.
Complementary Treatments Relieve Fatigue
The researchers asked the participants to rate their fatigue on a 100-point scale, with 0 corresponding to no fatigue and 100 points "being debilitating fatigue of the worst kind," Birdsall says.
At the start of the study, the participants who took vitamins or other complementary remedies rated their fatigue an average of 55 points. Three months later, the figure had dropped to 35 points. It remained there for the length of the six-month study.
In contrast, those who didn't take complementary remedies rated their fatigue an average of 45 points at the outset; six months later, it had jumped to 65 points.
"Complementary alternative medicine may improve fatigue and extend the period of effective pain control of conventional analgesics in pancreatic cancer patients," Birdsall says.
The findings were reported at the annual Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, cosponsored by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and three other leading cancer care organizations.
Treatment Can Cause Fatigue
Leonard Gunderson, MD, deputy director for clinical affairs at the Mayo Clinic Cancer Center in Scottsdale, Ariz., tells WebMD that unrelenting pain is typically caused by the cancer itself. The drugs or radiation used to treat the tumor cause fatigue in about 50% of pancreatic cancer patients, he says.
Complementary treatments can be helpful in conjunction with conventional treatment, Gunderson says. But, he adds, "taking them instead of standard treatment makes no sense."
Also, tell your doctor if you are taking a complementary therapy because some remedies can make your cancer treatment less effective, Gunderson says.
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